News for Healthier Living

American College of Surgeons Releases First-Ever Workplace Standards Framework

The American College of Surgeons has released the first national framework outlining measurable workplace standards for surgeons, aimed at improving surgeon well-being, patient safety, and workforce sustainability.

March 4, 2026

March 12 2026

• The Critical Window After an Overdose
• Pioneering Approach Aims to Improve Family Health and Wealth Across Generations
• New Strategy Intercepts Pancreatic Cancer by Eliminating Microscopic Lesions Before They Become Cancer
• Pediatric Allergy Specialist: Feed Babies Allergenic Foods Earlier, Not Later
• Doctors Warn Patients to Research Cosmetic Surgery Providers Before Getting Work Done
• FDA Warns Novo Nordisk Broke Safety Reporting Rules
• Study Suggests Epilepsy Drug May Help Treat Sleep Apnea
• Personalized Support Program Improves Smoking Cessation for Cervical Cancer Survivors
• OpenEvidence Achieves Historic Milestone: 1 Million Clinical Consultations between Verified Doctors and an Artificial Intelligence System in a Single Day
• Family Tragedy Spurs UWM Alum in Work to Save Lives with AI
• Expert Endocrine Surgeon Uses Minimally Invasive Techniques to Treat Hormone Disorders
• Millions Of Americans Making Financial Sacrifices To Afford Health Care, Survey Finds
• More Concussions Linked To Worse Brain Health Among Recent College Grads
• Switching GLP-1 Medications Is Common, Can Help People Stick With Weight-Loss Treatment
• New Peer-Reviewed Research Shows Comprehensive Care Model Drives Superior GLP-1 Outcomes
• Electrodes Partially Restore Movement, Sensation In Spinal Cord Patients
• Years of Specialized Support Essential with Rare Heart Defects
• Genetic Test May Predict Leukemia Relapse Risk
• Father's Tobacco Use May Raise Children's Diabetes Risk
• Structured Exercise Programs May Help Combat "Chemo Brain" According to New Study in JNCCN
• Taiwanese Researchers Develop Gentle Afterglow Plasma Device to Improve Healing of Chronic Wounds

March 11 2026

• Clinical Trial to Test Implant for Stress Urinary Incontinence in Men
• LLNL-Led Study Uses Machine Learning, Veterans' Health Records to Identify ALS Drug Repurposing Candidates
• Is Vaping More Harmful Than Smoking Cigarettes? More People Incorrectly Think So
• New Data Signals High Demand in Aesthetic Surgery in Southern, Rural U.S. Despite Access Issues
• Breathe Better, Longer: New Clues to Shortness of Breath in Older Adults
• New Program in Stress, Adversity, and Trauma Launched at Yale Child Study Center
• Declines In Cervical Cancer Incidence In U.S. Varied Substantially By State, Aligning With HPV Vaccination Rates, New ACS Study Finds
• AAN Issues Guidance on the Use of Wearable Devices
• In Former College Athletes, More Concussions Associated with Worse Brain Health
• Study Links State Taxes to COVID Lockdown Decisions
• Johns Hopkins Scientists Engineer Nanoparticles Able to Seek and Destroy Diseased Immune Cells
• FDA May Allow Some Flavored Vapes Aimed at Adults
• FDA Approves Drug for Rare Brain Disorder, Not Autism
• Dark Sweet Cherries May Help Slow Aggressive Breast Cancer, Mouse Study Suggests
• Adults with Concurrent Hearing and Vision Loss Report Barriers and Challenges in Navigating Complex, Everyday Environments
• Medical Debt Associated with Deferring Dental, Medical, and Mental Health Care
• Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis Differs Sharply Across Rural US Regions
• ADHD, Social Confidence, and Risk of Alcohol Problems
• Aligning Genomic Data and Real-World Clinical Health Records Identifies Medications That Could Potentially Be Repurposed for Treating Alcohol Use Disorder
• Machine Learning Models Analyze a Mass of Complex Data to Pick Out Key Predictors of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol or Cannabis
• 16-Year Study Finds Major Health Burden in Single-Ventricle Heart
• Multilingualism Might Not Aid Brain Aging, Researcher Argues
• Preclinical Canine Osteosarcoma Results: Histotripsy Preserves Bone Integrity
• Repealing Motorcycle Helmet Laws Leads to More Severe Crashes, Millions in Added Treatment Costs
• Early Clinical Results: Sonodynamic Therapy is Safe and Well-Tolerated in High-Grade Gliomas
• Physical Therapy Costs Vary Widely In U.S., Study Finds
• Lowering Parents' Stress Can Reduce Risk Of Childhood Obesity
• Cell Death in Photoreceptor Cells Is Reversible, Study Finds
• Why Childhood Cavities May Predict Adult Heart Disease
• 15-Year Study Shows Sharp Rise in Depression Among U.S. College Students
• Human Moral Agency Irreplaceable in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
• Telehealth Visits May Help Breast Cancer Patients Stay on Treatment
• 6 Qualities to Look for in a Pediatric Eating Disorders Program
• Corpses Leave Clues Behind in the Soil Long After They're Gone

March 10 2026

• Low Testosterone Levels May Be Associated with Increased Risk of Prostate Cancer Progression During Surveillance
• Maternal Health Investments in New Jersey Show Progress, but Barriers Persist
• Exploring How Everyday Foods Could Hide Fungal Risks for Mothers and Children
• Gut Bacteria Drive Process That Protects Colon Tissue
• New Tool Reveals How T Cell Responses Evolve Across Organs
• Mammograms May Also Reveal Hidden Heart Disease Risk, Study Finds
• Going Abroad? CDC Warns Travelers About Polio Risk in Several Countries
• Raw Oysters and Clams Recalled After Norovirus-Like Illness Outbreak in Washington
• Chile Becomes First Country in the Americas To Eliminate Leprosy
• Blood Test Predicts Dementia in Women as Many as 25 Years Before Symptoms Begin
• Re-Examining Women's History: Health-Insurer Payment Changes Had Larger Impact on Female Sterilization Rates Than Landmark Civil Rights Case
• This Tiny Cellular Portal Could Open Vast Possibilities for Medicine
• New Guidance Focused on Genetic Testing for Malignant Hyperthermia, a Potentially Fatal Anesthesia Reaction
• Students Spend A Third Of Their School Day On Their Smartphone, Study Says
• Daily Multivitamins Slow Aging, Clinical Trial Finds
• Trump Caused Immediate Decrease in Acetaminophen Rx's For Pregnant Women, Study Finds
• Stress of Pregnancy Complications Might Impact Future Heart Health, Study Says
• Approved IV Drug Reduces Lupus Symptoms, Clinical Trial Finds
• Nearly Half of U.S. Kids Lack Adequate Sleep, Survey Shows
• Children's Hospital Los Angeles Expands to 12 FDA-Approved Cell and Gene Therapies
• New ACG Clinical Guideline on Hepatic Encephalopathy in the March Issue of The American Journal of Gastroenterology

March 9 2026

• USAMRIID Collective Study Demonstrates Potential Broad-Spectrum Anti-Alphavirus Therapeutics
• Hidden Blood Mutations May Be Driving Severe IBD -- IU Team Uncovers New Treatment Target
• Lancet Health study: Climate Change Could Add Billions of Anxiety and Depression Days in the U.S.
• New Study Offers Strong Evidence of Elevated Heart Failure Risk in Adults with Prediabetes, Hypertension and Subclinical Heart Injury or Stress
• Leading Public Health Experts Urge Federal Court to Block HHS Policy Restricting Immigrants' Access to Essential Health Programs
• Index Provides Flu Risk for Each State
• RSV: Everything You Need to Know
• Why 'Being Squeezed' Helps Breast Cancer Cells to Thrive
• Dark Sweet Cherries Against Breast Cancer
• Lymphoma Study Shows Increased Malaria Risk with Rituximab Treatment
• Innovative Network Mapping Combined with Community Driven Initiatives Strengthen HIV Prevention and Care in the Carolinas
• UNC Vietnam Publishes Landmark Findings: A Tailored Implementation Approach Improves HIV Intervention for People Who Inject Drugs in Vietnam
• Study Shows Clear Link Between Alcohol Use and Poor HIV Outcomes After Prison Release
• New ACP Papers Say Health Care Must Be More Accessible and Inclusive for Patients and Physicians with Disabilities
• JMIR News and Perspectives: Combating Misinformation, Burnout, and Environmental Hazards
• 'Fibermaxxing' Trend Encourages People To Eat More Fiber
• That Stressful Person in Your Life Might Be Aging You Faster, Study Finds
• FDA Vaccine Chief Dr. Vinay Prasad Exiting Role
• Infant Bath Seats Sold on Amazon Recalled Due to Tipping Hazard
• Many Seniors Gain Physical, Mental Fitness As They Age, Study Finds
• Common Drug Class Shows Links to Heart Risk — Are You Taking One?
• Weighted Vests Help Keep Bones Strong — But Only If Seniors Stay Active
• New Houston Methodist Study Shows How AI Can Assist Clinicians in Identifying High-Risk Patients with Bloodstream Infection and Offer Better Chance of Survival
• Illicit Drugs Raise Stroke Risk, Even for Younger Adults
• Small Drop In Measles Vaccinations Tied to Big Jump In Cases
• UV Air Filters Cut Airborne Asthma Triggers, Study Finds
• A Radical Solution: Persistent Phenoxyl Chemistry Accelerates Antibiotic Degradation
• Study Finds Link Between COVID Response, State Tax Policies
• Recent Pandemic Viruses Jumped to Humans Without Prior Adaptation, UC San Diego Study Finds
• A Molecular 'Self-Destruct Button' Found in Brain Tumors
• Many Patients Want to Talk About Their Faith. Neurologists Often Don't Know How
• Taiwan Researchers Develop Fluorescent Imaging That Could Make Tumor-Guided Surgery Easier to Adopt
• UNC Researchers Call for Health Data to Be Governed as a Public Utility
• Bright Idea: Drug Infusion Lights Up Small Lung Cancer Tumors to Guide Complex Surgery
• Less Trippy, More Therapeutic 'Magic Mushrooms'
• Research Tip Sheet: Immunity, Cancer Wasting, Eye Disease
• Rutgers Develops New Tool For Examining Cancer Genomic Data That Could Improve Treatment
• Human Intestinal Cell Model Enables Precise Detection of Drug-Induced Barrier Damage

March 8 2026

• Most Americans Say They Don’t Trust Driverless Cars — Here’s Why

March 7 2026

• Can The Critters in Your Mouth Cause or Cure Disease?

March 6 2026

• Some Patients Keep Weight off With Fewer GLP-1 Injections, Study Finds
• Sixth Measles Case Confirmed in a New Mexico Jail
• RFK Jr. Urges Medical Schools To Add More Nutrition Training
• 45,000 Halo Magic Sleepsuits for Babies Recalled Over Choking Risk
• Racial Disparities Persist In Lung Cancer Treatment, Study Finds
• GLP-1 Weight-Loss Drugs Prove Effective Across Diverse Patient Groups
• Chronic Pain Can Make Noise Unbearable By Rewiring The Brain, Study Says
• Angry Teens May Age Faster, Study Finds
• Peanut Allergy Risk Higher If Older Sibs Eat Peanuts, Study Finds
• Telemedicine Not Closing the Mental Health Gap in Rural Areas
• Rowan University Researchers Unveil Robossis Alpha, a Breakthrough in Orthopedic Surgery
• Microneedle Patch Delivering Chemotherapy Shows Promise Against Common Skin Cancer in Phase 2 Trial

March 5 2026

• Cedars-Sinai Performs Its First Fully Robotic Kidney Transplant
• Half of Newborns with Severe Spina Bifida Have Trouble Breathing During Sleep
• Mayo Clinic Researchers Find Combination Therapy Reduces Effects of 'Zombie Cells' in Diabetic Kidney Disease
• Overcoming Ovarian Cancer's Resistance to Immunotherapy
• Shared Origins Illuminate Potential Dependency Across Brain Tumor Types
• How One Lifesaving Procedure Helped This RWJBarnabas Health Patient Walk Again
• Rutgers Startup Seeks to Stop Chronic Diseases Before They Begin
• Study in Mice Reveals the Brain Circuits Behind Why We Help Others
• Children's Hospital Los Angeles Expert Highlights Five Commonly Overlooked Pediatric Lipid Disorders
• Rising Tree Pollen Counts Signal Start of Allergy Season
• Finding the Right Supportive Footwear for Pain Relief is Key, Say Podiatrists
• Improving Your Biological Age Gap Is Associated with Better Brain Health
• Fewer Mothers Died During Pregnancy or After Birth in 2024
• Trader Joe's Pulls Frozen Meals Tied to 37 Million-Pound Nationwide Recall
• Enhanced Brain Cells Clear Away Dementia-Related Proteins
• HSS Studies Highlight Advantages of Osseointegration for People with an Amputation
• Testosterone Therapy Could Mean Trouble For Knee Replacement Patients, Study Warns
• Dentists Can Help Detect Undiagnosed Diabetes, Study Argues
• Ultra-Processed Foods Linked To Emotional, Behavioral Problems In Preschoolers
• Study Links Rising Cannabis Use to Poor Mental Health
• Fitness Trackers Might Help Predict Multiple Sclerosis Progression
• Half of Americans Unaware of At-Home Colon Cancer Screening Options
• Study Offers Roadmap to Navigate Police Presence in the ER
• Autism Insights: Historical Context, Treatment, Prevalence, and Limitations
• Pathogen-Agnostic Testing Reveals Hidden Respiratory Threats in Negative Samples

March 4 2026

• Study Reveals How Lungs Age and Offers Targets for Preventing Disease
• Autoimmune Awareness Month: Why Awareness Matters
• Glucose Drives STAT3 Activation in Colorectal Cancer Cells, Leading to Tumor Growth
• GI Cancers to Double by 2050
• Batten Down the Hatches: Spring Allergies Are Headed this Way
• Johns Hopkins Investigators Create Open Source Database to More Easily Study Cancer Cells, Patient Experience on Large Scale
• Functional Photoacoustic Microscopy Reaches Super-Resolution by Tracking Red Blood Cells
• The Medical Minute: Latest Treatments Help Ease Essential Tremor Symptoms
• The New Faces of Colon Cancer
• Your Lifestyle Trajectory Greatly Influences Your Weight, Study Says
• FSU Researchers Show Increased Dietary Folic Acid Can Prevent Peripheral Neuropathy in Models of Type 2 Diabetes
• Moffitt Study Identifies Distinct Tumor-Immune Ecologies That Predict Immunotherapy Response in Lung Cancer
• AI-Based Liquid Biopsy May Detect Liver Fibrosis, Cirrhosis and Chronic Disease Signals
• Mayo Clinic Researchers Discover Hidden Brain Map That May Improve Epilepsy Care
• Q&A: How the Dobbs Decision and Abortion Restrictions Changed Where Medical Students Apply to Residency Programs
• GLP-1 Medications Get at the Heart of Addiction: Study
• First Gene Regulation Clinical Trials for Epilepsy Show Promising Results
• Study: Football Associated with Nearly One in Five Brain Injuries in Youth Sports
• In MS, Wearable Sensors May Help Identify People at Risk of Worsening Disability
• Review of U.S. Measles Elimination Status Delayed Until November
• Your Furry Roommate May Be Affecting The Air You Breathe
• About 81,000 Baby Monitors Recalled Over Possible Fire Risk
• UCLA Researchers Engineer CAR-T Cells to Target Hard-to-Treat Solid Tumors
• Two Days of Oatmeal May Lower Cholesterol, Study Finds
• Early Sports Specialization Linked To Increased Injury Risk
• More Kids, Teens Injured In E-Bike Wrecks, Study Finds
• Exercise Boosts Quality of Life During Breast Cancer Chemotherapy
• Colorectal Cancer Rates Shifting to Younger Groups as Rectal Cancer Rates Spike
• Lithium Might Slow Brain Decline Among Seniors, Pilot Study Shows
• Brain Chemical Provides A 'Pep In Your Step,' Experiment Shows
• Mayo Clinic Researchers Link Parkinson's-Related Protein to Faster Alzheimer's Progression in Women
• American College of Surgeons Releases First-Ever Workplace Standards Framework
• New Analysis Shows Rising Attrition in Every Radiology Subspecialty, 2014-2022
• Good Samaritan or Bad: Research Supports a More Nuanced View of IMF Reforms
• Electroacupuncture Calms Neuronal Stress to Restore Movement After Spinal Cord Injury
• A Dual-Targeted Nanotherapy Rewrites the Rules of Diabetic Wound Repair
• A 3D Culture Platform Unlocks Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Fibrotic Skin Repair
• From Gut to Lung: A Microbial Signal That Strengthens Early Immune Defense
• A Lifetime of Dedication: Hackensack Neurology Chair's Foundational Work Paves Way for EUR1 Million Breakthrough in Rare Disease Research
• How Disabling a Single Immune Regulator Helps the Body Recover From Sepsis
• A Shape-Shifting Scaffold That Fights Infection and Rebuilds Bone
• Children's Hospital Los Angeles Among Seven U.S. Centers in New Study of Oxygen Therapy for Sleep Apnea in Children with Down Syndrome

March 3 2026

• Targeting the Gut-Lung Microbiome to Reduce Infections in Severe Pancreatitis
• Study Warns of Underrecognized Lassa Fever Threat with Global Implications
• Tip Sheet: Novel Antibody Blocks Epstein-Barr Virus, Curing Follicular Lymphoma -- and a Plan to Reduce Cancer in Washington State
• Utah Engineers Demonstrate Lightweight 'Exoskeleton' That Helps Stroke Survivors Walk
• New Therapy Combines Imaging and Targeted Radiation to Treat Aggressive Bone Cancer
• New AI Tool Predicts Best Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
• Bridging the Gap: How the University of Utah's StrokeNet Is Delivering Breakthroughs to the Mountain West
• Bacteria Found in Mouth and Gut May Help Protect Against Severe Peanut Allergic Reactions
• Study Finds Natural Fungal Supplement Improves COVID-19 Vaccine Response
• AI-Driven Chart Review Accurately Identifies Potential Rare Disease Trial Participants in New Study
• AI Therapist? It Falls Short, a New Study Warns
• Air Pollution From Wildfires Linked to Higher Rate of Stroke
• BBQ Sauce Recall Issued Nationwide Due To Incorrect Label
• Nearly 20 States Scale Back HIV Medication Programs
• FDA Recalls More Than 651,000 Jugs of Water Over Sanitation Concerns
• How to Get Ready For Daylight Saving Time
• A-Fib Drug Could Interact With Blood Thinners, Increase Risk Of Dangerous Bleeding
• Collagen Supplements Good For Skin, Arthritis, Evidence Review Concludes
• Effective Sunscreen Protection Can Cost $40 A Year
• Illicit Adderall Use Places Stress On The Heart, Study Shows
• Breast Cancer Cases, Deaths Expected To Rise Worldwide
• High-Fat Diet Accelerates Breast Cancer Tumor Growth and Invasion
• Mayo Clinic researchers identify key DNA changes in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease
• Wearing a Weighted Vest to Strengthen Bones? Make Sure You're Moving
• Natural Anti-Inflammatory Could Save Lives of Sepsis Patients
• Better Than Ozempic? Promising Effects of New Diabetes Pill

March 2 2026

• HMH Emerge Program Announces Winners of 2025 Pitch Competition
• How To Reset Your Circadian Rhythm
• Cell-Free DNA Offers Early Warning for Bloodstream Infections in Kids with Leukemia
• Talking Tumors and Precision CAR T Attacks: Penn Medicine Benchmarks
• New Study Demonstrates Universal Newborn cCMV Screening Leads to Earlier Detection and Increased Identification of Mild Hearing Loss
• From a Simple Email to a Life-Saving Discovery: Kathleen's Journey of Proactive Healthy
• GLP-1 Weight-Loss Drugs Comparably Effective for Patients Across Age, Race, and Starting Weight
• Gaps in Lung Cancer Treatment Persist, Yale Study Finds
• New Jersey Becomes a Rising Regional Hub for Abortion Care
• Catch It Early, Change the Outcome: The Importance of Colorectal Cancer Screening
• The Research that Got Sick Veterans Treatment
• RWJBarnabas Health's Children's Specialized Hospital Offers IncludED Service to Help Organizations Strengthen Disability Accessibility and Inclusion
• Catch It Early, Change the Outcome: The Importance of Colorectal Cancer Screening
• Neuroscience + Arts Take Center Stage in Health and Wellness
• ACP Advises All Adults 75 or Older Get a Protein Subunit RSV Vaccine
• Breast MRI May Offer Added Benefit for Women with Very Dense Breasts and High Cancer Risk
• Metformin and Ursodeoxycholic Acid Both Fail to Improve Long COVID Recovery in New Clinical Trial
• FDA To Offer Cash Bonuses for Faster Drug Reviews
• U.S. Tops 1,100 Measles Cases This Year as Outbreaks Grow
• Newer Groundwater Associated with Higher Risk of Parkinson's Disease
• Where Are the Doctors? Patients Leading the Conversation on TikTok About Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Skin of Color
• HSS Reports Results of Key Studies on Targeted Medication Use in Joint Replacement Surgery
• Chocolate Male Supplement Recalled Over Hidden Erectile Dysfunction Drug
• New Drug Could Boost Efforts to Wipe Out Sleeping Sickness
• No Matter Your Age, Don't Ignore These Colorectal Cancer Symptoms, Surgeons Say
• Telemedicine Visits Cost Five Times Less Than In-Clinic Care
• GLP-1 Drugs Might Ease Chronic Migraine, Study Says
• Blood Test Reveals Alcohol-Related Liver Disease
• Hormone Therapy Might Be Unnecessary For Some Prostate Cancer Patients
• Urban Traffic Noise Disrupts Sleep, Affects Heart Health After One Night
• Benzodiazepine Use Down In U.S., But OD Risk Remains, Study Says
• Repeal of Universal Motorcycle Helmet Laws Linked to 26% Increase in Crash-Related Hospital Costs
• Too Much or Too Little? A Molecular Switch That Decides How Wounds Heal
• New Research: Rectal Cancer Incidence Rising After Decades of Decline as Colorectal Cancer Shifts Toward Younger Generations
• New Urologic Sciences Division Bridges Research and Clinical Excellence
• Key International Mpox Trial Finds No Clinical Benefit from Tecovirimat
• Study: 1 Dose of Non-Prescribed Adderall Raises Blood Pressure, Heart Rate in Healthy Young Adults
• Engineered Immune Cells Show Promise Against Brain Metastases in Preclinical Study
• Taiwanese Researchers Develop a Faster, Non-Genetically Modified Way to Grow Viruses for Animal Vaccines

March 1 2026

• GLP-1 Drugs Associated with Reduced Need for Emergency Care for Migraine
• Electronics Pollution Pose Added Threat to Endangered Dolphins, Porpoises
• Work Environment, Moral Resilience Help Nurses Prevent Moral Injury
• March 2026 Issue of Neurosurgical Focus: "Complications of Spine Surgery"

February 28 2026

• Flea And Tick Pills May Pose Environmental Risks, Study Finds

February 27 2026

• AgriLife Extension Publishes Human, Pet Fact Sheets On New World Screwworm
• How Ultrasound Is Delivered Matters When Opening the Blood-Brain Barrier
• Study Explores Neuromodulation for Essential Tremor Symptoms
• Keeping El Paso Patients Home: Local Practice Endows Oral Surgery Residency
• Tackling the Silent Threat of Inherited Heart Disease
• Breathing Easier: One Woman's Journey from Misdiagnosis to Specialized Care for a Rare Airway Disease
• Using Moon Dirt to Build Future Lunar Colonies
• Advanced Radiographic Capability Achievements Featured in Physics of Plasmas
• Study Suggests One Common Amino Acid May Affect How Long Men Live
• New Obamacare Rules Could Raise Deductibles to $31K For Families
• Walmart Great Value Cottage Cheese Recalled Over Pasteurization Issue
• Chris Bosh Says He’s 'Lucky To Be Alive' After Sudden Health Scare
• Crash Course Might Speed Brain Stimulation Treatment For Depression, Study Suggests
• Wildfire Smoke Linked To Increase In Violent Assaults
• Why Turning 19 Spikes Medicaid Loss for Millions
• Blood Test Can Predict Short-Term Survival Among Seniors
• More Parents Are Refusing A Life-Saving Shot For Their Newborns, Study Finds
• How the Brain Learns to Have Seizures During Sleep
• At the Bedside: Houston Man Achieving Bucket List Dream After Game-Changing Rare Disease Care at UTHealth Houston
• Testosterone Increases Severity of Bacterial Skin Infections
• Will A Direct-to-Consumer Health Test Help You Reach a Diagnosis? Experts Say It May Not Be So Simple
• Using Ethics to Guide End-of-Life Decisions